Discussion Topic

Topic 1: Healthy People 2030

Healthy People is an initiative of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP) that addresses health challenges and set projections every 10 years, with the main purpose of improving health indicators nationwide. After completing your readings select three objectives/topics (health problems) of Healthy People 2030 that you consider relevant for your community or region. Of those relevant topics define the one you consider the most crucial or concerning to you. This topic will be from now on the one that to be used for all your class discussions and assignments. It will be “your selected health problem”.

• Describe your selected health problem. Why is the selected topic important?
• Will this problem lead to secondary conditions or complications?
• What criteria are used to understand the risk of developing such conditions or complications?

Healthy People 2030

Topic 2: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is an independent organization of experts in health promotion that recommends strategies to improve health indicators. Review this source at https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/ and determine the recommendations and expectations for your selected health problem.

• Describe your findings and discuss the strengths or benefits of this source. Would you modify something about it, particularly the information concerning to your selected health problem?

Please note the grading rubric for the discussion board.

As a reminder, all discussion posts must be a minimum of 250 words, references must be cited in APA format 7th Edition and must include a minimum of 2 scholarly resources published within the past 5 years.

The United States Supreme Court is the highest federal judicial system with ultimate appellate jurisdiction over federal court cases. Once the supreme court makes its final judgment, no other body can overturn it. The number of cases taken to the Supreme Court is limited because it deals with the most sensitive matters (Greenberg et al., 2020). Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization is among the recent cases handled by the Supreme Court. Supreme Court rejected the previous court decision and gave states the power to regulate abortion after arguing that there is no federal right to abortion in the American Constitution (Lambert et al., 2023). This case was appealed severally before it reached the Supreme Court. Supreme Court judges revised the decisions made before by lower courts. This law presented national implications since the American states were given the power to enact their regulations regarding the same since abortion rights are not protected by the federal constitution. After the Supreme Court decision, many states have established new laws prohibiting abortion.

As a medical professional, I do not support this decision because I believe it was influenced by the political environment rather than findings from clinical studies and scientific facts. Once a supreme court decides, the likelihood of overturning the decision is minimal. Women can seek medical abortion due to many personal matters, and as we respect the patient’s autonomy, women’s decisions should be respected. Our constitution protects the right to privacy under the 14th Amendment. Thus, any woman's decision to seek an abortion should be treated like a privacy right and not be exposed without consent or permission. Therefore, it would be better if the supreme court revised and reversed this decision.

References

Greenberg, E.S., Page, B.I., Doherty, D. Minkoff, S.L., & Ryan, J. M. (2020). 
The struggle for democracy. (2018 elections and updates ed.). Pearson.

Lambert, S. J., Horvath, S. K., & Casas, R. S. (2023). Impact of the Dobbs decision on medical education and training in abortion care. 
Women's Health Issues.

Part I

The Advance Health Care Directive  

Locate a copy of an advanced directive (AD) that complies with the laws of the state in which you work. The organization in which you work should have a copy of an advance directive that is given to patients. If not, download your state’s Advance Directives here http://www.caringinfo.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3289.Links to an external site.

 Part I: 

1. Identify where you obtained the AD and explain its compliance with state law.
2. Conduct research (1-2 sources) to learn more about the AD in your state and explain how it works.    
3. Discuss how easy or difficult it was to complete the AD. Your comments should be specific and both objective and subjective. For example, when you state your personal feelings, you must relate them to the literature (textbook and research) that discusses this process and the difficulties that many people face when completing an advance directive. 

(Cite/ reference any sources you use to explore these questions, including your texts.) 

Part II

Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) Form 

1. What is a Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) formLinks to an external site.?
2. When should this form be completed?
3. Who can complete the form?
4. Who needs to sign the form to make it a legal document?

(Cite/reference any sources you use to explore these questions, including your texts.) 

Part III

Tie the two first sections together by writing a summary and conclusion. 

This section should address:

1. the differences between an Advance Health Care Directive and the POLST,

2. the RN’s important role in assuring the patient’s right to autonomy in choosing the healthcareinterventions the patient does or does not want.

____________________________________________

Option 1

Social insurance programs have been effective in reducing poverty among elderly and disabled individuals. Social Security, for example, provides a financial safety net for retirees and those with disabilities, reducing their reliance on other forms of assistance. Medicare provides access to healthcare services for millions of elderly and some disabled individuals. This has improved health outcomes for many seniors and alleviated financial burdens related to healthcare(Sherry Glied et al., 2022). Unemployment compensation helps individuals who lose their jobs by providing financial assistance during periods of unemployment, which can stabilize the economy by maintaining consumer spending. These programs serve as a critical social safety net, helping people facing unexpected life events, such as disability or job loss. Social insurance programs can help mitigate income inequality by providing benefits to those in need, particularly in the case of Social Security and unemployment compensation( Greenberg & Page, 2018). Changing demographics, such as an aging population, can place pressure on the sustainability of social insurance programs. As the number of retirees increases relative to the working population, funding challenges can arise. Economic recessions and downturns can strain unemployment compensation programs as more people seek benefits, leading to increased financial burdens on these systems. The effectiveness and funding of these programs can be influenced by political ideology. Some argue for expanding and strengthening them, while others advocate for reducing government involvement and spending.The cost of these programs can be a subject of political debate and fiscal concern, potentially leading to changes in eligibility criteria, benefits, or funding mechanisms. Ensuring the long-term sustainability of these programs often involves adjusting contribution rates, retirement ages, or benefit levels, which can be politically contentious. The effectiveness of Medicare is closely tied to broader debates about healthcare access and costs, which are influenced by socioeconomic factors and political decisions. In essence, the effectiveness of social insurance programs can be seen in their ability to reduce poverty, provide financial security, and act as a safety net during challenging times. However, their sustainability and funding mechanisms are influenced by socioeconomic and political forces. Public policy decisions, demographic changes, and economic conditions all play a role in shaping the future of these programs and determining how well they meet the needs of the population. The effectiveness of these programs will continue to be a topic of debate and policy consideration(Goss, 2010).

                                                            
Reference 

Greenberg, E. S & Page, B. I. (2018).
The Struggle for Democracy, 2018 Elections and Updates Edition. (12th ed.). Pearson.

Goss, S. C. (2010, August 1).
Social Security Administration. Social Security Administration Research, Statistics, and Policy Analysis. https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/ssb/v70n3/v70n3p111.html 

Sherry Glied, K. A., Elizabeth Lee, S. M., & Kinder, M. (2022, March 9).
The social insurance system in the US: Policies to protect workers and Families. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-social-insurance-system-in-the-u-s-policies-to-protect-workers-and-families/