Healthcare Policy and Delivery Systems

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The purpose of learning the ropes of policy, politics and advocacy is to influence health care or broader social agendas that influence human health.  Discuss a time where you influence health care through advocacy.

The discussion must address the topic.

From week #2 and on, you are expected to post 400 words in your initial post by Wednesday 23:59 pm with 2 scholarly references. You must post two answers to your peers of 200 words by Saturday 23:59 pm. ****

Health Promotion: Prevention of Disease

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 Screening is the administration of measures or tests to distinguish individuals who may have a condition from those who probably do not have it.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of screening.   

Nursing Assignment Golden Age and Macromolecules

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Golden Age of Microbiology: Use the given active learning template (ALT) to connect Scientists with their discoveries in 1-2 sentences. (Slide 1; 2.5 points)

Carolus Linnaeus

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Alexander Fleming

Joseph Lister

Ignaz Semmelweis

Robert Koch:
(Slide 2; 3 points)

Summary of Key Work:

Organisms Studied:

Other Findings:

Postulates:

Louis Pasteur:
S-shaped Flask experiment
(Slide 3; 2 points)

Hypothesis:

Experimental Design:

Results:

Conclusion:

Note for students: Macromolecules is a review from prior courses. This topic may or may not be covered in-class or online. You may use your textbook or books from prior courses for this ALT. (Slide 4; 2.5 points)

Complete the following table by describing the terms in1-2 sentences with their function and examples

Carbohydrates Functions and Examples
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Lipids Functions and Examples
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Level of protein structure Structural organization
Primary  
 
Secondary  
 
Tertiary  
 
Quaternary  
 

Complete the following Table by adding information on bonds that participate in creating certain level of protein structure and if biological activity is present in that level of structure (Slide 5; 2 points)

Give an example of a disease that occurs due to errors in protein folding: ___________________________________

Type of NA Composition of the nucleotide Location, Function and types Structure and sugars
DNA
 		      
RNA
 		      

The two types of Nucleic acids ________________ and ______________

Role of ATP _________________________________________________________

Complete the following table about the composition, structure and functions of Nucleic acids (NA).

(Slide 6; 3 points)

Health promotion w2 peers responses

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Home Health week 2 peer response

respond to peers thoughtfully, add value to the discussion, and apply ideas, insights, or concepts from scholarly sources, such as: journal articles, assigned readings, textbook material, lectures, course materials, or authoritative websites. For specific details and criteria, refer to the discussion rubric in the Menu (⋮) or in the Course Overview Weekly Discussion Guidelines. 

1st peer response

McKenzie Ledbetter

The Health Belief Model (HBM) was developed by Hochbaum, Rosenstock, and Kegels, psychologists working in the US Public Health Services. HBM is based on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. This Model can be used to predict health behaviors, for example, the intention to vaccinate or comply with medical interventions. I chose this model because it is important to know if your patients will engage with healthy behavior or not. If it is the latter, you can implement education and resources to help them make healthy choices.

During the COVID pandemic, misinformation had an enormous impact on people following precaution guidelines. Many people ignored recommendations due to their lack of accurate information. The HBM can raise awareness of the relationship between health, information, and the digital landscapes the public interacts with (Houlden et al., 2021).

I believe this model can address my topics because there are a lot of people who have been misinformed about healthy behaviors regarding mental health and childbirth. This model can help screen for those individuals and once identified, education and resources can be offered to encourage better heath decisions.

 

Houlden, S., Hodson, J., Veletsianos, G., Reid, D., & Thompson-Wagner, C. (2021). The health belief model: How public health can address the misinformation crisis beyond COVID-19. 
Public health in practice (Oxford, England), 
2, 100151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100151

2nd peer response

Megan Brown

· I chose the Transtheoretical/Stages of Change Model. This model helps describe a patient's motivation and readiness to change a health-related behavior they may want to improve. It is described in a five-step process and evaluates the patient's behavioral change, the process of the changes, decision-making, and self-efficacy. Here are the five stages of this model: 

      1. Precontemplation: the patient is unaware of their need to change and most likely is unwilling to change. 

      2. Contemplation: this is when the patient begins to develop a desire to change and get better. 

      3. Preparation: personal plans begin of how to change. 

      4. Action: when the patient incorporates the new behavior into their life and/or routine. 

      5. Maintenance: the patient is consistent in changing and demonstrating that change, usually for six months or more. 

· I chose this model because I feel it gives the patient ways to improve and get better in a clear and precise way. It gives the patient their own choice to get better, which I feel is an excellent way to get a patient to change unhealthy behaviors. The patient needs to have that desire to change and get better first. It demonstrates more of an understanding of the actual cognitive and behavioral changes the patient will experience and go through. “Movement through these stages does not always occur in a linear manner, but may also be cyclical as many individuals must make several attempts at behavior change before their goals are realized” (Marcus & Simkin, 1994). It gives the patient time to work through each stage, even if it may not happen the first time, but it helps them feel more fulfilled. 

· This model can be used to address the Healthy People topic and objective I have chosen because, a lot of the time, the patient is unaware they need to change or unwilling to change. They don't know what steps they need to take to get better. Once given the education on how to get better, they need to desire to get better. This model can show the patient that they are getting better and gives them something to look at. It can also show healthcare professionals how the patient is improving and where they are at. 

 

Reference: 

Marcus , B. H., & Simkin, L. R. (1994, November 26). 
The transtheoretical model: Applications to exercise behavior. National Library of Medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7837962

Holistic Approach and Caring Science

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Please see the 2 attachments for the instructions 

home wok Amy 3yres old patient

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Nurses conducting assessments of the ears, nose, and throat must be able to identify the small differences between life-threatening conditions and benign ones. For instance, if a patient with a sore throat and a runny nose also has inflamed lymph nodes, the inflammation is probably due to the pathogen causing the sore throat rather than a case of throat cancer. With this knowledge and a sufficient patient health history, a nurse would not need to escalate the assessment to a biopsy or an MRI of the lymph nodes but would probably perform a simple strep test.

Most ear, nose, and throat conditions that arise in non-critical care settings are minor in nature. However, subtle symptoms can sometimes escalate into life-threatening conditions that require prompt assessment and treatment.

 Amy, a 3 year old girl is brought to your office by her mother because she has a fever and complains that her ear hurts. She has no significant medical history. The child is not pleased to be in the provider’s office and has been crying. Her mother explains that she developed a “cold” about 3 days ago with sniffles. As she cries she continues to cough and has yellowish nasal discharge.  

Attention………Remember that your Case Study Assignment should be in the Episodic/Focused SOAP Note format rather than the traditional narrative style format. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template in the Week 5 Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that all Episodic/Focused SOAP Notes have specific data included in every patient case. Provide evidence from the literature to support diagnostic tests that would be appropriate for each case. List five different possible conditions for the patient’s differential diagnosis and justify why you selected each.

pathophysiology

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physiology

DIscussion asignment

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 Compare and contrast the growth and developmental patterns of two toddlers of different ages using Gordon’s functional health patterns. Describe and apply the components of Gordon’s functional health patterns as it applies to toddlers.    

Response

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Respond using APA, at least 2 scholarly references

Leadership Insights

Research indicates that promoting leadership development among employees requires the existence of effective organizational leadership (Mabona et al., 2022). This provided insight as the building up of our nursing leadership has been stagnant due to unease with executive leadership. Strong, effective leadership, or lack of, directly influences care, quality and motivation of staff (Mansel & Einion, 2019). We have nurses and leaders with great approaches for change, but a lack of motivation to do so. What was lacking was effective communication strategies, the ability for nurses to be actively involved in making decisions regarding patient care and having a substantial level of professional independence and influence over our work environment (Mabona et al., 2022).

During this week’s reading and research I stumbled across transformational leadership being an evidence-based leadership theory for nursing practice. It makes sense as building a trusting and respectful relationship is essential for implementing and fostering an empowering work environment. An empowering work setting is marked by the provision of information, support, resources, and learning opportunities (Mabona et al., 2022). Creating a supportive work environment fosters a culture of shared knowledge and a higher sense of duty and liability among nurses, while simultaneously safeguarding against and alleviating nurse burnout (Iqbal et al., 2019). Leaders who strive to cultivate a positive work environment through transformational leadership value and consider various viewpoints, display a comprehensive understanding of concerns, recognize and encourage the valuable contributions of nurses, effectively communicate achievements to boost confidence, maintain an approachable demeanor, and provide assistance to their staff (Mabona et al., 2022).

Transformational Leadership in Practice

We recently hired a new Chief Executive Officer (CEO), a position that has historically been filled by personnel with a clinical or medical background. This CEO however does not have this background. Rather than that hindering his abilities as a leader, he inspirationally utilized that as a key tool in motivating staff. Upon our first interaction, he encouraged the nursing team to take ownership of our profession/department and provide him with justifications to our needs and goals. He was transparent in pointing out that he is naïve to what we do and what our needs are, yet was able to still support us a valuable partners in the organization and pledge support to our success as well. This defined him as a transformational leader.

Interestingly enough, study findings show that when nursing staff perceives their leader as transformational, their psychological empowerment is enhanced, and they have higher well-being, which in turn increases their commitment to their workplace (Iqbal et al., 2019). This deemed true for our organization. The CEO sparked motivation that was lacking previously and motivated the nursing team to implement changes that were long overdue. Our admissions process was tedious and outdated for quite some time and was needing revamped but had previously lacked the support to do so. We then did a time study on the process for two-weeks, reviewed the ways in which we could improve that process, piloted those changes, completed a time study to evaluate the effectiveness of those changes, and then received the approval to move forward with those changes. A transformational leadership model has had a positive impact on our department and facility as a whole. Employee attitudes and behaviors have changed which has in turn increased job performance, satisfaction, and turnover.

References

Iqbal, K., Fatima, T., & Naveed, M. (2019). The impact of Transformational leadership on nurses’ organizational Commitment: a multiple mediation model. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 10(1), 262–275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10010021

Mabona, J. F. M., Van Rooyen, D., & Ham-Baloyi, W. T. (2022). Best practice recommendations for healthy work environments for nurses: An integrative literature review. Health Sa Gesondheid- Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, 27. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1788

Mansel, B., & Einion, A. (2019). ‘It’s the relationship you develop with them’: emotional intelligence in nurse leadership. A qualitative study. British Journal of Nursing, 28(21), 1400–1408. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.21.1400

Case study 1

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Conc of Pathophys Case Study 1

***This assignment utilizes TurnItIn.  When you submit this assignment to the assignment drop box, it will automatically be submitted to TurnItIn.  You will receive an Originality Score along with an Originality Report that should be carefully reviewed.  If revisions need to be made to your assignment, you will be able to make additional submissions, and you will quickly receive updated Originally feedback. 

Assignment Instructions: 

· Review the case study scenario below and the client's family history and medical profile information from unit 1.  

· Next, write a 6-8-page paper analysis of the client (including title and reference page) according to the assignment specifications, outline, and grading rubric. 

Case Study 1 Scenario:

Client, Sarah Collins, has chronic kidney disease. She receives dialysis twice a week. Today when Mrs. Collins arrives at the dialysis clinic, the nurse assesses Mrs. Collins and notes her blood pressure is 145/90 mm Hg and she has gained three pounds since her last visit. Mrs. Collins tells the nurse she was trying earlier to walk to her mailbox at the end of the driveway and couldn’t because she was out of breath. Mrs. Collins' husband and 16-year-old grandson are at the clinic with her. 

Case Study Analysis Assignment Outline: 

 The case study analysis paper should include the following sections with responses and rationales for all the prompts.

Introduction (3-5 paragraphs) 

Provide an overview of the pathophysiology of the disease exhibited by the client. Include: 

· What additional assessment findings would you look for? 

· What lab abnormalities would you expect to see? 

· What diagnostics would you anticipate the healthcare team ordering? 

· Provide a rationale for your answers. 

Implications for Self-Care (2 paragraphs) 

· Consider Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and describe where the client falls in that hierarchy and how this will impact care and healing.  

· How does this disease process impact the client’s and/or their care provider’s ability to care for themselves? 

Patient Education Strategy (2-3 paragraphs) 

· Identify 3-5 appropriate nursing interventions and teaching points for your client based on the pathophysiology and assessment findings. 

· Describe the educational strategies that should be incorporated when building a plan of care for your client. 

· Support with rationale. 

Interdisciplinary Collaboration (2-3 paragraphs) 

· Identify 2-4 interdisciplinary team members who need to be included in the care of the client. Include rationale. 

· Consider the care the client will need while inpatient and upon discharge.  

· Consider nutrition, community services, and financial implications. 

Conclusion 

· Summarize the key concepts of this disease process and client case study scenario.  

References 

· A minimum of three references should be used in this paper.  

· References should be no more than five years old. 
Exceptions include seminal works, such as original publications by nurse theorists.  

· One reference must be your textbook, 

· One reference must be from a peer-reviewed journal,  

· One reference must be from an authoritative website such as the CDC, NIH or Healthy People 2030.

Assignment Specifications: 

· Name the paper with a File Naming Protocol: When you save the paper, name it: LastName_NSG 3300_CaseStudyAnalysis_1.docx 

· Paper reflects clinical and professional client/cases, and no references to personal or family issues.

APA Formatting 

· All papers should be written in APA formatting. This paper should include: 

· Formal components, such as a title page, and APA formatting with an introductory and conclusion paragraph that summarizes the key concepts 

· APA-formatted 
level headings 

· APA margin, font, and paragraph spacing 

· Include page numbers 

· Appropriate in-text reference citations 

· A reference page, in correct APA format