Unit 12 Discussion Impulsivity and Compulsivity. 800w. 4 references. Due 11-13-23.

1. Please describe the role of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway in the development or continuation of impulsive/compulsive behaviors. 

2. Please provide two examples of current research on interventions to reduce or eliminate compulsive/impulsive behavior related to addiction. 

3. Summarize the following article “Behavioral Functions of the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic System: an Affective Neuroethological Perspective” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2238694/

Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format.

1. Role of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway in the development or continuation of impulsive/compulsive behaviors. The mesolimbic pathway is the dopamine pathway. This pathway extends from the “VTA of the brainstem (mesencephalon) to the nucleus accumbens in the ventral striatum which is part of the limbic system (Stahl, 2021, p. 90). This pathway is important as it is involved in the regulating motivation and reward. Hyperactivity of the mesolimbic pathway called hyperdopaminergia, is significant in the display of positive symptoms seen in psychosis, schizophrenia, and depression and can result in impulse, agitation, hostile, and aggressive symptoms. In addition, the hyperactivity of the DA pathway can be because of various psychostimulants. Such as, cocaine and methamphetamine (Stahl, 2021, p.90). In terms of impulsivity and compulsivity Stahl (2020, p.541) states, “Impulsivity can be thought of as the inability to stop the initiation of actions and involves a brain circuit centered on the ventral striatum, linked to the thalamus (T), to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), and to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Compulsivity can be thought of as the inability to terminate ongoing actions and hypothetically is centered on a different brain circuit, namely the dorsal striatum, thalamus (T), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Impulsive acts such as drug use, gambling, and obesity can eventually become compulsive due to neuroplastic changes that engage the dorsal habit system and theoretically cause impulses in the ventral loop to migrate to the dorsal loop.” 2. Two examples of current research on interventions to reduce or eliminate compulsive/impulsive behavior related to addiction. According to Hartney (2021), compulsions are considered obsessions with repeated thoughts that create a feeling of distress (Hartley, 2021). The person’s behavior reduces anxiety and fear. An example to consider is obsessive compulsive disorder. In this disorder, the obsession revolves around the need to wash their hands. In the case of addiction, the desire to use will far outweigh the reality that there may be negative consequences. Such as financial strains, health issues, social problems, legal problems and/or decreased self-esteem (Hartney, 2021). Hartney (2021), suggests for treatment of the OCD behavior should include antidepressant medications like serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). These medications may be augmented with antipsychotics at the discretion of the provider. In terms of impulsivity, Kozak and her colleagues (2018) denote there are strong overlaps in the neural circuitry and functional mechanisms between impulsivity traits and addiction, which has directed treatment approaches. Therefore, it has been recommended, SUD treatment should include subjective and objective data and target the pharmacological, behavioral, and neurophysiological areas to individualize the patient’s care (Kozak et al., 2018). This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-22-2023 17:11:39 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/139195954/Discussion-12-ImpulsivityCompulsivitydocx/ For example: Alcohol use disorder – Naltrexone, Aripiprazole, and Topiramate were successful in decreasing impulsivity behaviors and Problem gambling – paroxetine was found to be successful in impulsivity (Kozak et al., 2018). References: Hartney, E. (2021). The difference between an addiction and a compulsion. Retrieved on March 30, 2022, from https://www.verywellmind.com/the-difference-between-an-addiction-and-acompulsion-22240 Kozak, K., Lucatch, A. M., Lowe, D., Balodis, I. M., MacKillop, J., & George, T. P. (2019). The neurobiology of impulsivity and substance use disorders: implications for treatment. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1451(1), 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13977 Stahl, S. M. (2021). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical application (5th ed.). p. 90 & 54, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

The interpretation of research in health care is essential to decision-making. By understanding research, health care providers can identify risk factors, trends, outcomes for treatment, health care costs, and best practices. To be effective in evaluating and interpreting research, the reader must first understand how to interpret the findings.

Nursing

Leadership is an integral element in any job, regardless of the work title. However, it is important to recognize that leadership is not just one single skill; instead, success in leadership depends on a broad range of skills, among them are decision making, collaboration, and communication.

Develop a 3–4 page professional response to the supervisor in which you analyze your leadership skills and how you would use them to lead a project requiring group collaboration using the Letter Template which has two main components. In your response:

• Identify the qualities of a successful leader and compare them to your own leadership characteristics.
• Make recommendations on how to lead and foster teamwork.

This Book Must be used for at-least 1 reference – New Leadership for Today’s Health Care Professionals, 2nd Edition

& 2-3 other current sources below

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

• Written communication:
  • Express your main points, arguments, and conclusions coherently.
  • Use correct grammar and mechanics.
  • Proofread your writing.
• Length: 3–4 double-spaced pages.
• Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
• References: Support your claims, arguments, and conclusions with credible evidence from 2–3 current, scholarly or professional sources.
• APA format: Apply current APA formatting to all in-text citations and reference

Introduction

As a current or future nurse leader, you may be called upon to present to stakeholders and leadership about projects that you have been involved in or wish to implement. The ability to communicate a plan—and potential implications of not pursuing such a plan—to stakeholders effectively can be critically important in creating awareness and buy-in, as well as building your personal and professional brand in your organization. It is equally important that you know how to create compelling presentations for others' delivery and ensure that they convey the same content you would deliver if you were the presenter.

You are encouraged to complete the Evidence-Based Practice: Basics and Guidelines activity before you develop the presentation. This activity consists of six questions that will create the opportunity to check your understanding of the fundamentals of evidence-based practice as well as ways to identify EBP in practice. The information gained from completing this formative will help promote success in the Stakeholder Presentation and demonstrate courseroom engagement—it requires just a few minutes of your time and is not graded.

Demonstration of Proficiency

· Competency 1: Explain strategies for managing human and financial resources to promote organizational health.

· Explain how the interdisciplinary plan could be implemented and how the human and financial resources would be managed.

· Competency 2: Explain how interdisciplinary collaboration can be used to achieve desired patient and systems outcomes.

· Explain an organizational or patient issue for which a collaborative interdisciplinary team approach would help achieve a specific improvement goal.

· Competency 3: Describe ways to incorporate evidence-based practice within an interdisciplinary team.

· Summarize an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to address an organizational or patient issue.

· Propose evidence-based criteria that could be used to evaluate the degree to which the project was successful in achieving the improvement goal.

· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly, evidence-based communication strategies to impact patient, interdisciplinary team, and systems outcomes.

· Slides are easy to read and error free. Detailed speaker notes are provided.

· Organize content with clear purpose/goals and with relevant and evidence-based sources (published within 5 years) with an APA formatted reference list with few errors.

Professional Context

This assessment will provide you with an opportunity to sharpen your ability to create a professional presentation to stakeholders. In this presentation, you will explain the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle and how it can be used to introduce the plan (P), implement the plan (D), study the effectiveness of the plan (S), and act on what is learned (A) to drive continuous improvement. By using this cycle, the stakeholders will have a tool and a proposal to expand on these ideas to drive workplace change and create improved processes to solve an interprofessional collaboration problem.

Scenario

In addition to summarizing the key points of Assessments 2 and 3, you will provide stakeholders and/or leadership with an overview of project specifics as well as how success would be evaluated—you will essentially be presenting a discussion of the Plan, Do, and Study parts of the PDSA cycle. Again, you will not be expected to execute the project, so you will not have any results to study. However, by carefully examining the ways in which your plan 
could be carried out and evaluated, you will get some of the experience of the thinking required for PDSA.

When creating your PowerPoint for this assessment, it is important to keep in mind the target audience: your interviewee's organizational leadership. The overall goal of this assessment is to create a presentation that your interviewee could potentially give in his or her organization.

Instructions

Please follow the Capella 
Guidelines for Effective PowerPoint Presentations [PPTX]. If you need technical information on using PowerPoint, refer to 
Capella University Library: PowerPoint Presentations.

Be sure that your plan addresses the following, which corresponds to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so you understand what is needed for a distinguished score.

· Explain an organizational or patient issue for which a collaborative interdisciplinary team approach would help achieve a specific improvement goal.

· Summarize an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to address an organizational or patient issue.

· Explain how the interdisciplinary plan could be implemented and how the human and financial resources would be managed.

· Propose evidence-based criteria that could be used to evaluate the degree to which the project was successful in achieving the improvement goal.

· Communicate the PowerPoint presentation of the interdisciplinary improvement plan to stakeholders in a professional manner, with writing that is clear, logically organized, and respectful with correct grammar and spelling using current APA style.

There are various ways to structure your presentation; following is one example:

·
Part 1: Organizational or Patient Issue.

· What is the issue that you are trying to solve or improve?

· Why should the audience care about solving it?

·
Part 2: Relevance of an Interdisciplinary Team Approach.

· Why is using an interdisciplinary team relevant, or the best approach, to addressing the issue?

· How will it help to achieve improved outcomes or reach a goal?

·
Part 3: Interdisciplinary Plan Summary.

· What is the objective?

· How likely is it to work?

· What will the interdisciplinary team do?

·
Part 4: Implementation and Resource Management.

· How could the plan be implemented to ensure effective use of resources?

· How could the plan be managed to ensure that resources were not wasted?

· How does the plan justify the resource expenditure?

·
Part 5: Evaluation.

· What would a successful outcome of the project look like?

· What are the criteria that could be used to measure that success?

· How could this be used to show the degree of success?

Again, keep in mind that your audience for this presentation is a specific group (or groups) at your interviewee's organization and tailor your language and messaging accordingly. Remember, also, that another person will ultimately be giving the presentation. Include thorough speaker’s notes that flesh out the bullet points on each slide.

Additional Requirements

·
Number of slides: Plan on using one or two slides for each part of your presentation as needed, so the content of your presentation will be 8–12 slides in length. Remember that slides should contain concise talking points, and you will use presenter's notes to go into detail. Be sure to include a reference slide as the last slide of your presentation.

·
Number of references: Cite a minimum of 3 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than five years old.

·
APA formatting: Make sure that in-text citations on your slides and in your notes pages and reference slide reflect current APA Style and Format.

Portfolio Prompt: Remember to save the final assessment to your ePortfolio so that you may refer to it as you complete the final Capstone course.

Original Work, No Plagiarism, Cite and Reference

Kara is a pre-doctoral student who works for a very demanding principal investigator (PI) in psychology. Dr. Srichaphan considers himself her mentor even though he seems to offer no constructive guidance.

She considers herself an expert problem solver. The trouble is, she can’t figure out how to solve her problems with her mentor. Not only is he exacting and demanding, but he also is exploitative and intolerant—finding fault with her for not being able to keep up with the rigors of academic and clinical studies even though he’s the one who’s overloading her with too much work.

The last straw is an invitation to be a “guest lecturer” in a section of her mentor’s undergraduate cognitive processes class. She can’t very well say no. It would only make her look inept. Still, it couldn’t come at a worse time. The research study that Kara is primary coordinator of has just been halted—it turns out one of the protocols needs many changes, and some of the changes will have to go through the IRB again. They are complex and require careful thought. All the protocol forms will need to be filled out again, the consent forms revised, and the study procedures redone. These changes will have to be made quickly since the study cannot resume until the IRB approves of the new modifications. 

Meanwhile, the undergraduate section of the class Kara’s been given to lead is so large that it’s fast becoming like a full teaching load. The course is not going well because the syllabus that her mentor developed was not well thought out, and many students are coming to Kara’s office to complain. One of the complaints is that there is a cheating ring among some of the students. When she tells her mentor, Dr. Srichaphan blames it on her teaching. She is so taken aback that all she can do is splutter that it’s not her fault—the cheating ring extends to other study sections as well and may even have begun there. Ignoring her protests, he informs her that she needs to provide assistance at a clinical rotation site.

Kara can’t believe her ears. She feels like she will crack under the strain if one more thing is added to her load of duties. Just the thought of arguing with her mentor makes her queasy, but she does her best to remind him that she has her own coursework as a doctoral student and has two term papers due in the next three weeks. She begs him to assign someone else to the clinical rotation. He frowns. “It’s gotten to the point where you cannot handle your research and teaching responsibilities, evidently,” he goads her.  Kara, who prides herself on her “can do” style, finds she simply cannot do all that is required of her. She’s on the verge of retching from nerves. Her mentor is not impressed. He shakes his head and tells her that science is not for the faint of heart.

Questions

1. What’s the worst thing that could happen if she does nothing?

2. What’s the worst that could happen if she seeks a new approach to getting through this?

3. How might Kara ask for help? From whom? With what likely result?

4. What types of expectations should have been discussed among Kara, the mentor, the program director, and/or the graduate school to avoid these types of problems?

5. Can you offer an example of stressful or disastrous situation based on your own learning experiences? How did you deal with it, and what lessons did you learn?