Read the required articles on health care workers’ legal liability for medical mistakes: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2155825615303653;

AND,

the IOM report “To Err is Human” chapter 8 on recommendations to reduce medical errors.

Analyze current events in legal liability for medical mistakes, either in nursing or another healthcare profession, and compare an example of legal liability with the IOM recommendations.

Please give 3 scientific citation

please follow all directions and  use attached article 

please follow all directions

After studying Module 2: Lecture Materials & Resources, submit the following:

• Starting with the precursor substance tyrosine or tryptophan, draw three diagrams showing how the various enzymes convert this substance to serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.

Submission Instructions:

• Your diagrams must be hand-drawn. Scan your diagrams and submit them as an attachment of an image file or PDF. 
• Follow APA 7th Edition formatting guidelines for graphs and figuresLinks to an external site.
• Complete and submit the assignment by 11:59 PM ET on Sunday.
• Late work policies, expectations regarding proper citations, acceptable means of responding to peer feedback, and other expectations are at the discretion of the instructor.
• You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date.

DISCUSSION: PATIENT PREFERENCES AND DECISION MAKING

Changes in culture and technology have resulted in patient populations that are often well informed and educated, even before consulting or considering a healthcare need delivered by a health professional. Fueled by this, health professionals are increasingly involving patients in treatment decisions. However, this often comes with challenges, as illnesses and treatments can become complex.

What has your experience been with patient involvement in treatment or healthcare decisions?

In this Discussion, you will share your experiences and consider the impact of patient involvement (or lack of involvement). You will also consider the use of a patient decision aid to inform best practices for patient care and healthcare decision making.

To Prepare:

· Review the Resources and reflect on a time when you experienced a patient being brought into (or not being brought into) a decision regarding their treatment plan.

· Review the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute's Decision Aids Inventory at 
https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/Links to an external site..

· Choose “For Specific Conditions,” then 
Browse an alphabetical listing of decision aids by health topic.

· After you have chosen a topic (or condition) and a decision aid, consider if 
social determinants of healthLinks to an external site. were considered in the treatment plan Social determinants of health can affect a patient's decision as these are conditions in the patient's environment, such as economic stability, education access, health care access and quality, neighborhood, and social and community context.

·
NOTE: To ensure compliance with HIPAA rules, please 
DO NOT use the patient's real name or any information that might identify the patient or organization/practice.

Post a brief description of the situation you experienced and explain how incorporating or not incorporating patient preferences, 
social determinants of health
Links to an external site.
, and values impacted the outcome of their treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how including patient preferences, social determinants of health, and values might impact the trajectory of the situation and how these were reflected in the treatment plan. Finally, explain the value of the patient decision aid you selected and how it might contribute to effective decision making, both in general and in the experience you described. Describe how you might use this decision aid inventory in your professional practice or personal life.

(Please Note: The underlined “social determinants of health” in the above content is meant to hotlink to the following Walden webpage and content:

Social Determinants of Health – Social Determinants of Health – Academic Guides at Walden 
Links to an external site.

University)

LEARNING RESOURCES

Required Readings

· Hoffman, T. C., Montori, V. M., & Del Mar, C. (2014). 

The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision makingLinks to an external site.
. 
Journal of the American Medical Association, 312(13), 1295–1296. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10186

· Kon, A. A., Davidson, J. E., Morrison, W., Danis, M., & White, D. B. (2016). 

Shared decision making in intensive care units: An American College of Critical Care Medicine and American Thoracic Society policy statementLinks to an external site.
. 
Critical Care Medicine, 44(1), 188–201. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001396

· Opperman, C., Liebig, D., Bowling, J., & Johnson, C. S., & Harper, M. (2016). 

Measuring return on investment for professional development activities: Implications for practiceLinks to an external site.
. 
Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 32(4), 176–184. doi:10.1097/NND.0000000000000483

· Schroy, P. C., Mylvaganam, S., & Davidson, P. (2014). 

Provider perspectives on the utility of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid for facilitating shared decision makingLinks to an external site.
. 
Health Expectations, 17(1), 27–35. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00730.xThe Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. (2019). 

Patient decision aidsLinks to an external site.
. Retrieved from https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/